Premixed Calcium Hydroxide with Iodoform. The addition of Iodoform to the Calcium Hydroxide improve it’s radiopacity and adds an antibacterial agent to the paste.
25-35%-calcium hydroxide -To stimulate hard tissue formation, as well as to exert antimicrobial actions. Released calcium ions play important roles in cell stimulation ,migration and proliferation, as well as in mineralization and hard tissue repair
15-25%-Iodoform –Radiopacifier and Bacteristatic agent
30-40%-Silicone Oil-using a more viscous solvent could improve the clinical handling and slow the rate of hydroxyl ion release, allowing for less frequent re-dressing of the root canal system
Calcium hydroxide has ionic effect observed by chemical dissociation into calcium and hydroxyl ions. Calcium and hydroxyl ions have antimicrobial effects and induce mineralization. Calcium hydroxide stimulates “blast” cells aiding apexogenesis and its high pH neutralizes endotoxins produced by anaerobic bacteria.
Iodoform has bacteriostatic property by releasing free iodine. Thereby, iodine eliminates the infection of root canal and periapical tissue by precipitating protein and oxidizes essential enzymes. Iodoform also enhances radiopacity for better visualization.
The primary advantage is that it resorbs from periapical tissue in one to two months, is apparently harmless to permanent tooth germ, is radioopaque, does not set to hard mass, and is easily inserted and removed.
Hydroxyl ions act on the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria and it enhances tissue enzymes activity such as alkaline phosphatase which plays a role of extending roots and apical closure.
Healing of periapical lesion within 2 months with mild to moderate pain indication is crucial properties when comparing AVUEPEX to conventional treatment.
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